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KINGDOM's RSA gives users
access to 50+ advanced 2D
and 3D post-stack seismic
attributes, including curvature,
spectral decomposition and
similarity (edge detection
processing). This capability
is fully integrated into SMT's
KINGDOM family of products
to create a time-efficient,
cost-effective solution for
optimizing reservoir assets
and increasing well accuracy.
Attributes are grouped in four categories:
- Geometric Attributes
- Instantaneous Attributes
- Wavelet Attributes
- Spectral Decomposition
Curvature attributes are the newest addition to RSA's family of geometric attributes.
Curvature attributes indicate the rate of change of surface topology and accent
features such as faults, fracture systems, and paleo-topography. Eleven curvature
attributes represent different vertical slices through a best-fit quadrature surface
calculated with groups of nine traces.
With a KINGDOM Advanced license, users can also make companion curvature
calculations on horizons and grids using the Extended Math Calculator (available in
2d3dPAK). The Extended Math Calculator allows similar calculations to be made on
interpreted surfaces providing a cross check to the RSA curvature attributes. RSA
curvature attributes are created on time slices through the volume of seismic data.
Spectral decomposition extracts narrow ranges of frequencies from the original
data, and a user defined number of seismic volumes are created with each extraction.
Geologic features are enhanced when their thickness approximates the wavelength of
one of these volumes. All attributes, including curvature, can be applied to spectral
volumes for further analysis.
Instantaneous and wavelet attributes capture subsurface characteristics: bedding
thickness, lateral continuity, locations of sequence boundaries, porosity, fluid content,
changes in lithology, energy absorption, fracture zones, sand/shale ratio, etc. The
geometric attributes focus on bed continuity, dip, and divergence. These new views of
seismic data can improve understanding and interpretation.
RSA can output 16 instantaneous, 11 wavelet and 25 geometric attributes as well as
two types of spectral decomposition volumes. In addition to normal interpretation,
attributes can be cross-plotted for in-depth analysis. Full integration with a powerful
seismic interpretation package gives the geoscientist unmatched capabilities on his or
her desk.
Benefits
- Enhanced data help identify targets faster
- Reduced uncertainty and risk
- Better, more informed decisions
Geometry Attributes
- Eleven Curvature Attributes
- Chaotic Reflection
- Dip attributes: Dip Azimuth, Dip Variance, Instantaneous Dip
- Continuity, Instantaneous Lateral Continuity
- Similarity, Dip of Maximum Similarity, Similarity Variance, Smoothed dip of maximum similarity
- Parallel Bedding Indicator
- Shale Indicator
- Zones of Unconformity
Instantaneous Attributes
- Instantaneous Phase, Acceleration of Phase, Envelope Modulated Phase
- Instantaneous Frequency, Dominant Frequency, Instantaneous Frequency Envelope Weighted
- Bandwidth
- Trace Envelope, Envelope Second Derivative, Envelope Time Derivative
- Real Part, Imaginary Part
- Normalized Amplitude
- Relative Acoustic Impedance
Wavelet Attributes
- Wavelet Phase, Wavelet Acceleration of Phase
- Wavelet Frequency, Wavelet Dominant Frequency
- Wavelet Apparent Polarity
- Wavelet Band Width
- Wavelet Envelope, Wavelet Envelope Second Derivative, Wavelet Envelope Time Derivative
Spectral Decomposition
- Ability to decompose amplitude frequencies in linear or octal mode
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